关系代词whose的用法which的特殊用法

关系代词whose的用法which的特殊用法
关系代词指人时, 有时只用who ,而不用that。
1 . 先行词为指人的代词one , those , the man,以及人称代词如he等。
e.g. Those who are often late for school should be punished .
He who doesn’t reach the Great Wall is not a true man .
2 . 先行词为someone (somebody), no one (nobody), anyone (anybody), everyone (everybody) 。
e.g. Anyone who would like to attend the party should come on time .
3 . 先行词指人时, 如有序数词, 最高级, the very , the only ,the last等修饰 , 定语
从句既可用that也可用who引导。
e.g. He is the first student who / that worked out the problem .
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关系代词whose的用法：
1 . whose 在从句中作定语，表示“先行词的…” ，既可指人，也可指物。
e.g. John is my best friend , whose father is a scientist .
The old man lived in the house whose window was broken .
The boss , in whose company my father worked , was very friendly to the workers .
2 . whose 可以转换为of which（物）和of whom（人）。
e.g. 1) The dictionary whose cover is missing is mine .
( 划线部分可改为the cover of which或of which the cover )
2) They also invited Mr Wang , whose car was stolen last Sunday .
( 划线部分可改为 the car of whom 或 of whom the car )

which的特殊用法：
1. 关系代词which引导的非限制性定语从句 , 有时不是修饰某个先行词 , 而是指代主句的全部或部分内容。特别注意，非限定定语从句中prep+which 时，which 只能指代先行词，不可以指代句子。
e.g. 1) In China , you sometimes get a hot damp cloth to clean your face and hands , which ,however , is not the custom in western countries .
Helen often came late , which made the class teacher angry .

2 . which 有时可在定语从句中作定语 , 含义上相当于指示代词this / that 。
e.g. 1) He stayed in England for 5 years , during which time he learned English well .
2) It may rain hard tomorrow , in which case I won’t go fishing .
注意：which的这种用法与whose 作定语不同。whose 表示“ 先行词的… ”。
e.g. They’re talking about a film , whose name I have forgotten .

3 . 以介词结尾的动词不定式作定语时 , 可借关系代词which把介词前置。
e.g. 1) Tomorrow would be Christmas Day , and she had only $ 1.87 with which to buy
Jim a present .
32 Those poor people had no houses to live in / in which to live .
注：如果先行词指人，关系代词用whom 。
e.g. I want to find a person to travel to England with / with whom to travel to England .